CHILDREN’S AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY

Alleviating the fear of visiting a dentist

During the first visit it is not necessary to perform an intervention in the child’s mouth. First, the child should get to know the office, the working instruments and the dentist. Then, gradually, during the second visit milder, painless interventions are performed to allow the child to gain confidence and trust in the dentist. Of course, apart from the doctor, the parents also have an important part in alleviating fear and they should explain the child why these visits are important and why it must not be allowed to let teeth decay. It sometimes takes more time and persistence to establish good cooperation between a young patient and a dentist. Every child can be convinced to cooperate. Even children that simulate fear can be conciliated with suitable authority of the dentist and support by the parents.

Fissure sealing

This is an important procedure that should be carried out immediately after the growth of first permanent teeth, i.e. the sixth tooth (especially in case of teeth with deeper fissures) in order to protect teeth from decay, due to the fact that most food particles are retained in the fissures. The entire procedure is painless and performed without scraping the tooth.

Recuperation of caries lesions of molar teeth, and afterwards, of permanent teeth

It is performed with a special glasionomer filling applicable to the relevant age.

Endodontic curing of milk teeth and young permanent teeth

Prevention with fluor

A painless intervention that is very important for protection from caries. It is performed by spreading a special liquid that contains fluor, and often tastes and smells like some fruit in order to be more easily accepted by the young patient. Fluor is an important element introduced trough drinking water, food (salt, milk, bread) or taken in the form of tablets, which is usually insufficient and therefore the previously indicated procedure should be performed, as well. To prevent caries aminofluoride gel toothpaste should be used and applied to the teeth once a week. The prevention from caries should begin as early as in the mother's womb. A pregnant woman should pay attention to her diet that should be diverse and rich in vitamins and minerals and also contain sufficient amounts of fluor. The daily needs of this element are 1 mg and when sufficient amounts of it are not introduced into the body through food, the mother should take tablet supplements during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

In order to plan the fluoride protection of the future new born child’s teeth, consultation should be made with a specialist of children’s and preventive dentistry and at the same time with the specialist of gynecology who monitors the woman’s pregnancy.

CONSERVATIVE AND AESTHETIC DENTISTRY

Application of composite fillings

• one surface
• two surface
• three surface

We use quality means that fully meet the requirements for color and resistance to chewing pressure.

Application of amalgam fillings

• one surface
• two surface
• three surface

Curing of surface and deeper caries lesions

We use suitable agents based on calcium hydroxide and zinc oxide. These agents are applied in cases of remained thin layer of dentin towards the pulp, i.e. when there is still softened, but non-deteriorated dentin, in order to prevent opening of the pulp. Calcium hydroxide allows stimulation of odontoblasts for production of secondary dentin. These agents are applied in a thin layer and the cavity is temporarily closed with phosphate cement and left for 6-8 weeks. After this period the phosphate cement is taken out, cleaning is performed if there is remaining caries, a foundation is placed and the cavity is closed with a final filling. This entire procedure is carried out so that the tooth could remain vital, because as such it is stronger, its color does not change and it is much more resistant to chewing pressure.

Recuperation of small erosive modifications in the tooth’s gingival part

The erosive modifications usually occur in the tooth’s gingival part in the form of small hollows. These modifications are usually painless, but very often sensitive to cold sensations. It was noticed that these types of modifications usually occur in people with traumatic occlusion, people that often suck lemon, eat rusk, clean their teeth irregularly etc. In these cases it is recommended not to use highly abrasive toothpastes, like the ones containing sodium bicarbonate, because the hollows may become deeper. To recuperate these conditions special glasionomer fillings are used, without greater scraping of the healthy dental substance. These modifications must be cured on time, due to the fact that, if they are left untreated caries will appear and subsequently the tooth will be damaged.

Teeth whitening

In the past this procedure was performed with high concentration of hydrogen, which damaged the teeth and the gingiva around them. Today, agents based on carbamide peroxide with concentration of 10-16% are used. The whitening is performed on one or both jaws and it can also be done on separate teeth if their color has been changed due to their devitalization. Usually, the entire procedure is painless, except for the slighter or greater sensitivity accompanied by a stinging sensation that may occur, but it lasts for a short period and is individual for each patient.

Teeth jewellery

Special zircons that are glued to the tooth with agents intended for that purpose are used without damaging the tooth.

Guards for sportsmen

They are used to protect teeth from strokes or breaking during playing sport (basketball players, footballers, boxers, handball players etc.). They are made individually, for each sportsman, they are easy to put on and take out and generally, very acceptable by the person who is wearing them. In some European countries children wear such guards during their physical education classes, in order to protect their teeth from various injuries caused during these classes.

ENDODONCY

• Endodontic treatment of canals of teeth with one or more roots.
• Revision of old canal fillings.

PARODENTOLOGY

Parodentopathy (popularly known as parodontosis) is a disease that affects and destroys all supporting dental tissues (gingiva, cement, pariodontal fibres and alveolar bone) leading to their loosening and falling off. It is characterized by the following symptoms and signs:

• gingival bleeding and inflammation;
• presence of dental tartar;
• unpleasant odor in the mouth;
• presence of parodontal pockets;
• withdrawal of gingiva;
• denudation of the tooth’s neck and in the worst case loosening and falling off of the tooth.

The main reason for appearance of parodontopathy is dental plaque, i.e. soft yellowish plaque on the teeth where bacteria from the oral cavity develop together with the food particles. Dental plaque is first created around the tooth's neck and tooth's fissures and if not cleaned on time, it will cover the entire surface of the tooth and turn into tartar. Tartar is much harder to remove than dental plaque and this procedure should be done at the dentist’s.

To prevent all the above-mentioned changes, besides proper nutrition (solid food, vitamins, minerals) it is necessary to pay regular visits to the dentist (at least twice a year), where solid dental deposits will be removed with ultrasound and soft dental deposits will be mechanically removed with a special brush and toothpaste.

PROTHETICS

1. Examination and therapy plan
2. Production of partial and complete denture
3. Framed partial denture (visil denture)
4. Metal Ceramics
5. Cast superstructure
6. Repair of broken denture
7. Repair and adding of tooth
8. Metal free ceramics
9. Production of laminates

Metal free ceramics is a new type of production of crowns and bridgework that we began to use a couple of years ago. This manner of production has been practiced for a long time throughout the world. When preparing teeth for such ceramics a very small amount of healthy dental substance is destroyed and much better aesthetics is achieved, which is the main advantage over metal ceramics.